Malignant melanoma - Melanoma E Kotsi
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Liphethong tsa 2022 Stiftung Warentest tse tsoang Jeremane, khotsofalo ea bareki ka ModelDerm e ne e le tlase hanyane ho feta lipuisano tse lefelloang tsa telemedicine.
Liphethong tsa 2022 Stiftung Warentest tse tsoang Jeremane, khotsofalo ea bareki ka ModelDerm e ne e le tlase hanyane ho feta lipuisano tse lefelloang tsa telemedicine.
A melanoma e ka bang 2.5cm (1 inch) le 1.5cm (0.6 inch)
Le hoja nyeoe ena e ile ea fumanoa e le melanoma, pono e fumanoang e tšoana le hematoma ea manala. Nail hematomas (benign) hangata e nyamela nakong ea khoeli e le 'ngoe ho isa ho tse peli ha e ntse e sutumetsoa ka ntle. Ka hona, haeba leqeba le tsoela pele ka nako e telele, ho ka 'na ha belaura melanoma 'me ho lokela ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea biopsy.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesMelanoma ke mofuta oa hlaha e hlahang ha melanocyte e e‑ba kotsi. Melanocyte e tsoa ho neural crest. Sena se bolela hore melanoma e ka hlaha eseng letlalong feela empa hape le libakeng tse ling moo lisele tsa neural crest li tsamaeang teng, joalo ka pampitšana ea mala le boko. Bakuli ba nang le melanoma ea mohato oa 0 ba phela lilemo tse hlano tsa 97 %, athe ba nang le lefu la mohato oa IV ba na le tekanyo ea hoo e ka bang 10 %.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) ke mofuta o kotsi haholo oa hlahala ea letlalo, e ikarabellang bakeng sa 90 % ea mafu a kankere (cancer) ea letlalo. Ho rarolla bothata bona, litsebi tse tsoang ho the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) li sebelisanang.
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly dangerous type of skin tumor, responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths. To address this, experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) had collaborated.
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly dangerous type of skin tumor, responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths. To address this, experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) had collaborated.
Melanoma, mofuta oa kankere ea letlalo, e ikhetha ka kamano ea eona e haufi le tsamaiso ea ‘mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Sena se bonahala ka ho eketseha ha eona ho batho ba nang le tsamaiso ea ‘mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e fokolang, boteng ba lisele tsa‘ mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung ka bobeli lihlahala tsa pele le ho ata ha tsona likarolong tse ling tsa ‘mele, le taba ea hore sesole sa‘ mele se ka lemoha liprotheine tse itseng tse fumanoang liseleng tsa melanoma. Habohlokoa, immunotherapy li bontšitse tšepiso ea ho loantša melanoma. Le hoja tšebeliso ea immunotherapy ho phekola melanoma e tsoetseng pele e le tsoelo‑pele ea morao‑rao, lipatlisiso tsa morao‑rao li bontša hore ho kopanya mekhoa ena ea phekolo le chemotherapy, radiotherapy, kapa phekolo e lebisitsoeng ea limolek’hule ho ka ntlafatsa liphello haholo. Leha ho le joalo, immunotherapy e joalo e ka tsosa litla‑morao tse ngata tse amanang le ‘mele tse amang litho tse fapaneng, tse ka fokotsang tšebeliso ea eona. Ha re sheba pele, mekhoa ea kamoso ea ho alafa melanoma e tsoetseng pele e kanna ea kenyelletsa liphekolo tse shebaneng le libaka tsa tlhahlobo ea ‘mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung joalo ka PD1, kapa lithethefatsi tse sitisang litsela tse itseng tsa limolek’hule joalo ka BRAF le MEK.
Melanoma is one of the most immunologic malignancies based on its higher prevalence in immune-compromised patients, the evidence of brisk lymphocytic infiltrates in both primary tumors and metastases, the documented recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, most important, evidence that melanoma responds to immunotherapy. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma is a relatively late discovery for this malignancy. Recent studies have shown a significantly higher success rate with combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted molecular therapy. Immunotherapy is associated to a panel of dysimmune toxicities called immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs and may limit its use. Future directions in the treatment of metastatic melanoma include immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies or targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
Melanoma is one of the most immunologic malignancies based on its higher prevalence in immune-compromised patients, the evidence of brisk lymphocytic infiltrates in both primary tumors and metastases, the documented recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, most important, evidence that melanoma responds to immunotherapy. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma is a relatively late discovery for this malignancy. Recent studies have shown a significantly higher success rate with combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted molecular therapy. Immunotherapy is associated to a panel of dysimmune toxicities called immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs and may limit its use. Future directions in the treatment of metastatic melanoma include immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies or targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
Matšoao a pele a melanoma ke liphetoho sebopeho kapa color ea nevus e teng. Tabeng ea nodular melanoma, ke ponahalo ea lesela le lecha letlalong. Mehatong ea morao ea melanoma, nevus e ka ’na ea itch, ea ulcerate, kapa ea bleed. [A‑Asymmetry] Asymmetry ea sebopeho [B‑Borders] Irregular borders and edges [C‑Color] Variegated and irregular color [D‑Diameter] Diameter e kholo ho feta 6 mm (= 0.24 in, e likae a raba ea pentšele) [E‑Evolving] Fetoha ka nako cf) Seborrheic keratosis e ka kopana le tse ling kapa mekhoa eohle ea ABCD, ’me e ka lebisa litsing tsa bohata. Metastasis ea melanoma ea pele e ka etsahala empa e sa tloaelehe; ho feta 1/5 ea melanomas e fumanoeng ka pele e fetola ho ba metastatic. Brain metastases (brain metastases) ke tloaelehile ho bakuli ba nang le melanoma ea metastatic. Metastatic melanoma e ka boela ea namela liver, bones, abdomen, kapa distant lymph nodes. ○ Tlhahlobo (Diagnosis)
Ho sheba leqeba (visual inspection) ke mokhoa o atileng haholo oa ho belaela melanoma. Li‑nevus tse sa tsitsang ka color or shape (irregular in color or shape) hangata li tšoaroa joalo ka melanoma. Lingaka li atisa ho hlahloba li‑moles tsohle, ho kenyelletsa le tse ka tlaase ho 6 mm ka bophara. Ha e sebelisoa ke litsebi tse koetlisitsoeng, dermoscopy e thusa haholo ho lemoha maqeba a kotsi ho feta ho sebelisa leihlo le hlobotseng feela. Diagnosis e tiisitsoe ka biopsy ea leqeba leha e le lefe la letlalo le nang le matšoao a ho ba le cancerous features. ○ Kalafo (Treatment)
#Mohs surgery
Ngaka ea hau e ka ’na ea khothaletsa immunotherapy haholo‑holo haeba u na le melanoma ea sethaleng sa 3 kapa sethaleng sa 4 se ke keng sa tlosoa ka ho sebetsana. #Ipilimumab [Yervoy]
#Pembrolizumab [Keytruda]
#Nivolumab [Opdivo]